The book covers both the analysis of the major producer of civil aircraft (EADS/Airbus) located in the region and its relation with the cluster of enterprises within those regions. We studied the organization of production, the creation of knowledge within the industry, the concentration and competition among the two global producers, the overall financial situation of the sector, the specialization and specification of the different territories. The book also analyzes the basic theoretical aspects needed to understand the origin and evolution of the European aerospace sector from the first dreamers to the beginning of this century. To end, the book shows a descriptive and inference statistical analysis of each territory.