The International Symposium on Nutritional Aspects of Osteoporosis in Lausanne in 2009 presented knowledge from on-going and recent research, and is considered a major reference in this field. Both updated and completely new findings were presented on topics such calcium (i.e, utility in pregnancy and lactation), vitamin D (i.e. new data shows a relationship between vitamin D and mortality, leading to a new definition of the requirements and optimal doses) acid-base equilibrium (i.e. nutritional acid load and its cause and effects), proteins (i.e. deficient populations) and new topics such as the role of trace elements, the relation between diabetes and bone, and the use of mineral water for modifying bone metabolism. This book contains a selection of the manuscripts of the invited speakers, with tables and scientific graphs included. Anyone with an interest in keeping up-to-date with the latest research in this field will benefit from having this volume on their shelves.