Although short-lived, Lysimachus' Hellespontine empire foreshadowed those of Pergamum and Byzantium. Helen Lund sets Lysimachus' actions against the background of the early Hellenistic world. Lund compares and contrasts Lysimachus' practice in warfare, kingship and government with that of his contemporaries, predecessors and successors in order to view his achievements in the context of a continuum of imperial rule in Asia Minor. Lund also places evidence for Lysimachus' rule in its literary, political and social context.