The 10th International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer Assisted ntervention,MICCAI 2007, was held at the Brisbane Convention and Exhibition Centre, South Bank, Brisbane, Australia from 29th October to 2nd November 2007.MICCAI has become a premier international conference in this domain, with in-depth papers on the multidisciplinary fields of biomedical image computing, computer assisted intervention and medical robotics. The conference brings together biological scientists, clinicians, computer scientists, engineers, mathematicians, physicists and other interested researchers and offers them a forum to exchange ideas in these exciting and rapidly growing fields.The conference is both very selective and very attractive: this year we received a record number of 637 submissions from 35 countries and 6 continents, from which 237 papers were selected for publication. Some interesting facts about the distribution of submitted and accepted papers are shown graphically at the end of this preface.