As part of the series Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry, this volume titled BioactiveHeterocyclesII presents comprehensive and up-to-date reviews on selectedtopics concerning flavonoids andanthocyanins in plants, andheterocycles suchas bioactive phenothiazines, phenoxazines, and related compounds. The volumeis separated into two sections mainly concentrating on these two topics.There are abundant and diverse flavonoids with carbohydrates and lipids,alkaloids (betalain alkaloids and other alkaloids), phenols (chromones, coumarins,lignans, quinines, and other phenolics), terpenoids (monoterpenoids,sesquiterpene lactones, triperpenoid saponins, carotenoids, and other terpenoids),and minerals as micronutritional phytochemicals in fruits and vegetablesof our daily diets. Among these phytochemicals, the flavonoids havespecific functionality in relation to age-related diseases such as hypertension,diabetes, cardiac infarction, cataracts, and cancer. The authors of each chapterin the first section have presented their evidence in relation to the mechanismof the preventative and therapeutic ability of the compounds.