In many coastal areas of Europe the impact of lowered sea levels for much of the past 100,000 years has led to the emplacement of fresh groundwater resources to depths of greater than are taking place in the modern era. The papers presented examine the occurrence of palaeowaters in Europe from the Baltic to the Atlantic, the palaeoclimatic and geological controls on their emplacement, as well as geochemical and geophysical techniques for their evaluation. The conflicts for managing these resources in highly populated area of Europe is discussed. Readership: Quaternary Scientists, Hydrogeologists and Groundwater Management professionals. Also of interest to academics interested in Palaeoclimate studies and Coastal Science. Suitable for Post Graduate course work on global change, environmental science and hydrogeology.