This work is intended as a textbook for one-year courses introducing graduate students in the physical sciences to the breadth of scientific topics and disciplines contributing to nanotechnology. The editors (of the U. of Leeds and the U. of Sheffield, UK) present nine chapters covering methodologies of classification and fabrication, methodologies of characterization, inorganic semiconductor nanostructures, nanomagnetic materials and devices, processing and properties of inorganic nanomaterials, electronic and electro-optic molecular materials and devices, self-assembling nanostructured molecular materials and devices, macromolecules at interfaces and structured organic films, and bionanotechnology.