The Encyclopedia of Digital Government offers the most comprehensive coverage of the issues, concepts, trends, and technologies of digital government (or electronic government). The challenges and future prospects faced by governments at different institutional levels and in different parts of the world are described in explicit detail in this commanding encyclopedia. With over 200 detailed articles, this two-volume set provides a broad basis for understanding the issues, theories, and applications faced by public administrations and public organizations as they strive for more effective government through the use of emerging technologies. This comprehensive, research-based publication is an essential reference tool for academic, public, and private libraries.bio- Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko is Professor and Docent in the Department of Regional Studies, University of Tampere, Finland. He holds Ph.D. (Administrative Sciences) and MPhil (Philosophy) degrees, both from the University of Tampere. He has also received a licentiate degree in social sciences from the University of Jyvaskyla. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Information Society Institute (ISI) of the University of Tampere, and of the Advisory Board of DemocrIT programme of Orebro University, Sweden. He is also a member of the Editorial Board of the international journal, Electronic Government. Anttiroiko has conducted and directed several research projects, including the Local Governance in the Information Society financed by the Academy of Finland. He has worked as an expert for local, regional, national and international institutions and collaborated with local government experts all over the world. He hasconducted expert work in different countries. Anttiroiko's academic contributions include in a nutshell almost 30 monographs and a large number of articles and conference/seminar papers, including e-Transformation in Governance (IGP 2004), edited by Malkia, Anttiroiko and Savolainen.bio 2 - Matti Mдlkiд is working as a senior lecturer (Administrative Science and Leadership) at The Police College of Finland, situated in Espoo, Finland. Before moving to the College he has worked about 12 years at the University of Tampere, Department of Administrative Science, in different research and teaching positions. Mдlkiд has about 90 publications, including 10 monographs, 3 edited books and 34 research articles. Most of these have been published in the Finnish language, covering various aspect and themes of public administration, public organizations and public management. From 1993-1998 Mдlkiд served first as a co-chair and then as a chair for International Social Science Council, Committee on Conceptual and Terminological Analysis (ISSC/COCTA) - an international and interdisciplinary research program focusing on conceptual and terminological analysis and social science communication. Mдlkiд has organized several national and international scholarly conferences, including CIPA'99 - "Citizens and Public Administration in the Information Age: Constructing Citizen-Oriented Society for the Future. Mдlkiд is currently concentrating his research on police administration and police management, including an application of ICTs in this field.Handbook of Research on Electronic Surveys and Measurements"