Expert practitioners present a comprehensive approach to vaccine development, production, and assessment that can be adapted successfully to any vaccine. Their approach not only includes state-of-the-art techniques for developing live viral and bacterial vectors, expressing foreign vaccine antigens, and producing peptide and conjugate vaccines, but also offers advice and guidance on clinical trials and regulatory requirements. Additional techniques describe such powerful tools as the use of adjuvants, freeze drying vaccines, microencapsulation of vaccines, the full assessment of immunogenicity and potency of vaccines in animal models, and the creation of DNA vaccines, chimeric proteins, and recombinant toxoids.