he study of child behavior disorders is of relatively recent origin; the systematic assessment and effective treatment of these disorders is of even more recent origin. Prior to the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the study of psychopathology was concerned almost exclusively with adult behavior disorders. Child behavior disorders received little attention. In all probability, this state of affairs resulted from the prevailing viewpoints of children as miniature adults (Ollendick & Hersen, 1989, 1993, 1998). As such, children were thought to evince problems similar to adults and to benefit from reasoned advice much like their adult counterparts.